Dictionary

abnormalities: In genetic terms, this refers to any discrepancy within the DNA.

alleles: Variations at a particular site on a chromosome.

carrier testing: A process that is used to identify people who carry one copy of a gene mutation that, when present in two copies, causes a genetic disorder.

chromosomes: Bundles of DNA that vary in size, shape and function. They are most visible when cells divide.

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): A double-stranded nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication.

DNA diagnostic testing: To test someone's DNA for the purpose of finding out a person's genetic history.

DNA profiling: A technique used by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their DNA profiles.

DNA testing: A technique that is used to distinguish between individuals of the same species using only samples of their DNA.